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Cytotoxic, Cytogenetics and Immunomodulatory Effects of Thymol from Thymus vulgaris on Cancer and Normal Cell Lines in Vitro and in Vivo | ||
| Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Science | ||
| Article 1, Volume 22, Issue 5, 2011, Pages 41-53 | ||
| Author | ||
| Reema M. Abed | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Thymol was extracted from leaves of thymus vulgaris, by using NaOH and diethylether. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) carried out to identify thymol in the aliqaut extract of thymus vulgaris depended on retention time of thyme extract and standard of thymol. The cytotoxic activity of thymol against two human cancer cell lines HeLa (Human epithelial cervical cancer), Hep (Human larynx epidermoid carcinoma) and one normal cell line Ref (Rat embryonic fibroblast) were estimated in vitro. The grown cells in 96 multi well plates were treated with different concentrations of thymol (15, 30.5, and 61,122,244) ng/ml and incubated at 37c° additional period 72hr. Cancer and normal cell lines elicited various degrees of sensitivity to the cytotoxic effect of thymol .thymol exhibited significant differences (P<0.05) at all concentrations against three human cell lines. The results showed highest toxicity (87.25%) 0f thymol on HeLa cell line, a moderate cytotoxicity (51.45%) on Hep-2, and slight toxicity (20.94%) on normal cell line (Ref), furthermore the highest toxicity was recorded at concentration 30.5 ng/ml for all cell lines. In general, a dose-dependent decrease the survival of the three cell lines was observed, in additional to HeLa cell line was showed higher sensitivity against thymol than the other cell lines. Also the study was conducted to investigate the effect of thymol intraperitoneally administration in mice at doses of (1.25, 2.5, 5) mg/kg body weight by determining the cytogenetic analysis represented by (mitotic index). The results showed significant differences (P<0.05) between highly doses of thymol and untreated control. Thymol decreased the mitotic index (MI) in high concentrations (5.0) mg/kg when compared with control. The results a showed no effect of thymol in stimulation of leukocytes compared with the negative control. | ||
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