Comparative Anatomical  and Histological Study For Pyrogial Gland in some of birds

J. A. AL-Yasiri, Ahmad

	Comparative Anatomical and Histological Study For Pyrogial Gland in some of birds
Jornal of Al-Muthanna for Agricultural Sciences
Article 1, Volume 1, Issue 16, 2013, Pages 0-0
Author
Ahmad J. A. AL-Yasiri
Abstract
The study was carried out in the labs of Agriculture College / AL-Muthanna University / in animal production department from 1/10/2010 to 3/4/2011 . to study the pyrogial gland and the knowlage the difference and comparative sides in anatomical and histological structure between some of birds . the birds bring out from the agricultural experiments and research station returned to the agriculture college . the birds that breeds in wodeen cages in controlled hygienic conditions and nourished to typical rations until the study beginning and the birds killed to getting for the pyrogial gland . in study we used some of birds are : 1. Pekin duck , Anatidae , Anas platyrhyncho . mean body weight (1850 g ) 10 birds (5 male & 5 female ) . 2. Toulouse geese , Anatidae , Anser anser , mean body weight (1500 g ) 10 birds (5 male & 5 female ) . 3. Proiler (Ross type ) mean body weight (1450 g ) 10 birds (5 male & 5 female ) . 4. Quail , Phasianidae , Japanianes brown quail mean body weight ( 250 g ) 10 birds (5 male & 5 female ) . The Anatomical results showed that the birds have pyrogial gland different in size & form in study birds , gland was renal form in duck & geese , heart shape in proiler & quail , the bean size in duck , lima bean size in geese and hazelnut size or larger in proiler & quail , situated caudally for tail feather origin , and dorsally for caudo-lateral muscle , gland consist of two lobes which are dilated at the caudal end , while they were narrow at the cranial end of gland , also these two lobes separated from each other by interlobular septum except in the caudal third because they connected by isthmus which lie at the base of the papillae , the interlobular septum different in study birds , in quail was larg to show the lobes attached , while in another types was smaller , these papillae penetrated by pair of ducts one from caudal end of each lobe to open at the apex of papillae which covered by specific type of down feather called tuft , also the uropygial gland weight for birds were determined . The mean of glands weight in duck ( 5.1g ) , (4.4 g ) in geese , (4.1 g ) in proiler and (3.1 g ) in quail . So the ratio between uropygial gland weight to life body weight were (0.275 % ) in duck , (0.314 % ) in gesse , (0.282 %) in proiler and (1.24 %) in quail respectively , this result showed that the inspired of the Quails had lower body weight than other birds , but the quail had higher gland weight and higher ratio of gland weight to body weight. Also the results of anatomical measurements showed presence significant differences in probability level (p ≤ 0.05), the values of duck then geese then proiler & quail or revers or equal in tuft width & it s wall thick & gland weight & oil substance quantity & right lobe thick & it s wall thick & right lobe wall thick , while the gesse regress then duck then quail & proiler in right lobe length & wide & lift lobe length & thick , while the quail regress on the another birds in lift lobe wide & equaled with duck in tuft length .

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