Determination of serum Potassium and Sodium ions concentrations in patients with edema of different causes.

Saud Salih, Khalid; M. Marbut, Mossa; Elias Kasem, Samet

	Determination of serum Potassium and Sodium ions concentrations in patients with edema of different causes.
Medical Journal of Tikrit
Article 1, Volume 19, Issue 2, 2013, Pages 193-202
Authors
Khalid Saud Salih; Mossa M. Marbut; Samet Elias Kasem
Abstract
Introduction; Edema is defined as the accumulation of fluid in the interstitial tissue. It commonly affects the lower limbs as part of peripheral edema. The usual cause of edema is an imbalance between the forces controlling fluid exchange leading to an alteration in capillary hemodynamics favoring the retention of sodium and water by the kidneys and the accumulation of fluid in the interstitium. The aim of the study is to monitor the changes in serum sodium and potassium concentrations in patients with edema of different causes. Patients & methods; The study was conducted as a cross sectional study, in Tikrit teaching hospital and Samarra general hospital, from the period of the first of December 2012 to the first of July 2013. Sixty one patients participated in this study, (29 male and 32 female). Patients classified according to type of edema after diagnosed depending on lab results into; Twenty patients with pitting edema due to heart diseases, 20 patients with pitting edema due to liver diseases, & 21 patients with pitting edema due to renal diseases. ECG & chest X-ray was taken for all patients. All patients are newly diagnosed (i.e. before using treatment). Measurement of Serum Potassium & sodium according standard procedures. Results; In the present study, 61 patients with edema of different causes were participated in the study. All of them were newly diagnosed and blood samples were taken before treatment. There was a significant increase in serum K+ in patients with renal edema as compare with patients with cardiac edema, (p<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in serum K+ in patients with renal edema as compare with patients with hepatic edema. However, there was no significant difference in serum K+ in patients with renal edema as compare with patients with cardiac edema. Regarding serum sodium in patients with edema. There was a significant increase in serum Na+ in patients with renal edema as compare with patients with hepatic edema, (p<0.05). Also, there was a significant increase in serum Na+ in patients with cardiac edema as compare with patients with hepatic edema, (p<0.05).

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