Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus As a Risk Predictor for Knee Osteoarthritis  		(A Case Control Series Study among Iraqi People at Mosul City)

Ahmad Salow, Sulieman; Yousif Hussain, Fakhir; Salah Fadhil, Ali

	Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus As a Risk Predictor for Knee Osteoarthritis (A Case Control Series Study among Iraqi People at Mosul City)
Medical Journal of Tikrit
Article 1, Volume 19, Issue 2, 2013, Pages 335-338
Authors
Sulieman Ahmad Salow; Fakhir Yousif Hussain; Ali Salah Fadhil
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate type 2 diabetes mellitus as a risk predictor of Knee Osteoarthritis (OA). Design: A case control series study. Setting: The present study had the approval from regional research committee of Nineveh Health Directorate, and the scientific research committee of Collage of Medicine, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq. The current study was performed during the period between Nov.1st, 2011 and Jun.1st, 2012 at Al-waffaa health center for diabetes researches and management, and at the rheumatology outpatient clinic at Ibn Sina teaching hospital. Patients and methods: The study was conducted on 65 patients; known cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus, whose ages range between 40 - 50 years old were randomly enrolled in the study. Another group consists of 65 patients non diabetics, matched for age with the patients group, and was kept as control group. Both studied groups were subjected to measurement of fasting blood sugar (FBS) and HbA1c was done for patients group to evaluate glycemic control. X-ray examination of both knees were obtained for both groups and taken in standing position (stress position), the findings were recorded according to the severity of osteoarthritis found on examination. Results: The data obtained from the study revealed that there is a significant difference, regarding knee joint space narrowing grading: grade 1 JSN (Joint Space Narrowing) was higher in diabetic group than non diabetic one, while grade 2 and grade 3 JSN were noted to occur only in diabetic group. Diabetic group patients have high numbers of osteophytes in grades 1, 2, 3 and 4. Diabetic patients have high numbers of subchondral sclerosis than non-diabetic ones. Conclusion: There was a positive correlation between diabetes mellitus type 2 and osteoarthritis of the knee joint, in other ward Type 2 diabetes predicts the development of severe OA of the knee independent of age and other known risks for OA. Our findings strengthen the concept of a strong metabolic component in the pathogenesis of OA.

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