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The Study of Detrimental Outcomes of Cigarette Smoking and Alcohol Intake on Semen Quality Parameters and some Reproductive Hormone profile (LH, FSH and Testosterone) in Infertile Patients | ||
| Journal of College of Education for Pure Science | ||
| Article 1, Volume 3, Issue 2, 2013, Pages 41-50 | ||
| Author | ||
| Basim Khamees Gootee | ||
| Abstract | ||
| This study was undertaken to evaluate the injurious achieve of cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption on semen parameters and reproductive hormones profile (LH, FSH and Testosterone) on infertile patients affected with male infertility factors. Forty-five infertile patients were subjected into three groups (15 patients with mild smoking, 15 patients with moderate smoking, and 15 patients with heavy smoking). semen samples were collected by masturbation and prepared by direct layering technique. The questionnaire included the numbers of cigarette per day and the duration of smoking counted with years and the smoking status of the female partners. The sperm function test and reproductive hormonal analysis were analyzed and semen prepared by standard semen parameters. (sperm concentration, sperm motility, progressive sperm motility, sperm agglutination, and sperm morphology) were evaluated. Smoking was classified as mild smokers (≤ 10 cigarette per day), moderate smokers (> 10 cigarette and ≤ 10 cigarette per day) and heavy smokers (> 10 cigarette per day). The results indicated a highly significant (P<0.001) differences in sperm functions parameters for all groups of smoker men in in vitro post-preparation compared with pre-preparation technique. The reproductive hormones LH, FSH and Testosterone concentration were significantly (P<0.001) lower in smoker men in post-preparation compared with pre-preparation. It was concluded that smoking and alcohol drinking was positively correlated to decreased semen quality and decreased semen reproductive hormonal profile. | ||
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