EFFECT OF DEPTH OF IRRIGATION WATER AND NITROGEN ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF COTTON

	EFFECT OF DEPTH OF IRRIGATION WATER AND NITROGEN ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF COTTON
journal of kerbala university
Article 1, Volume 7, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 484-494 PDF (0 K)
Abstract
An experiment was conducted at the experiments field of department of Field Crop Sciences, College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad during two summer seasons 2010 and 2011 in order to increase water use efficiency when increasing of nitrogen fertilizer. Randomized complete block design under arrangement of split plot with four replications was used. Main factor was depth of irrigation water (959 mm.season-1 (control treatment) and 80% and 60% of the value of the comparison), and secondary factor was nitrogen (150, 200 and 250 kg N.h-1). The treatment 959 mm.season-1 significantly outperformed in plant height 124.51 and 129.73 cm, sympodia 16.55 and 18.45, leaf area per plant 2172.1 and 2192.9 cm2 and oil percentage of seeds 23.45 and 23.13% for two seasons, respectively. No significant effect was shown at the percentages of protein for two seasons, while the irrigation treatment 575 mm outperformed and gave the highest average water use efficiency 0.40 and 0.46 kg.m-3 compared to other treatments for the two seasons, respectively. The results showed that the addition of 250 kgN.h-1gave highest values for plant height 115.72 and 116.80 cm, sympodia15.58 and 17.68 branch.plant-1, leaf area per plant 2248.5 and 2430.7 cm2, and the number of open bolls 11.19 and 12.07, which is led to increase the yield of seed cotton 2817.00 and 3153.4 kg.h-1, percentages of protein 25.03and 24.70% and increase the water use efficiency 0.35 and 0.43 kg.m-3 for both seasons, respectively. The interaction of irrigation depth and nitrogen fertilizer significantly affected on number of characteristics. Treatment 959 mm.season-1 with 250 kg N.h-1 gave highest averages at plant height 129 and 135.33 cm,sympodia 19.23 and 21.33, number of open bolls 12.66 and 13.92 and yield of seed cotton 2781 and 3354 kg.h-1, and which did not differ significantly with treatment 80% of the value of the control treatment of irrigation water with 250 kg N.h-1. And there was no significant interaction between factors on the average of water use efficiency for the two seasons. This means that the style of irrigation management which used in this study was important through the results were obtained which led to increase water use efficiency when increasing amounts of fertilizer added to the soil and reducing the depth of irrigation water, so we recommend adding 250 kg N.h-1 with reduced depth of irrigation water to 767 mm.

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