Effect of Tillage Systems, Space and Planting Method, Digger Methods and Interaction them in undamaged tubers ratio of  Potato Productivity.

	Effect of Tillage Systems, Space and Planting Method, Digger Methods and Interaction them in undamaged tubers ratio of Potato Productivity.
journal of kerbala university
Article 1, Volume 7, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 693-704 PDF (0 K)
Abstract
This work was conducted to study the effect of tillage system and planting methods on productivity of potato crop c.v Desiree in two different locations soil silty clay and clay . Three types of tillage treatment were used in the experiment : moldboard plow with one way path , two-way path of moldboard perpendicular to each other ,and chisel with moldboard perpendicular on each other . Two planting methods were also used ,mechanical planting by and planting by hand . Two planting distances were used (i.e.20 and 3o cm) . Three treatments of harvesting were used including potato digger chain , potato digger frequency and hand lifting . Randomized complete block design (RCBD) was used with a split-split plot design and three replicates. A statistical analysis system (SAS) program was used on computer to data analysis to test the differences between treatments and their interactions with LSD at 0.05 level of error probability . Harvest properties of potato was studied tuber lifted ratio. The results can be summarized on the following : 1- using mechanical planting methods planting methods caused a significant increase in total yield (tons/dounum). 2- Using tillage system of chisel plow perpendicular with moldboard plowing gave a higher mean for practical productivity. 3- Planting with a distance of 20 cm resulted in a significant increase in the mean of total potato yield 4- Using the chain digger in harvesting potatoes resulted in a higher mean value of total potato harvested . 5- There was a significant effect of the interaction between planting method and the three tillage systems in the mean yield . 6- The Interaction between the mechanical planting method and the 20 cm planting chitance gave a significant higher value of the mean number of tubers / plant (5.4 and 4.4 tubers / plant for the 1st and the 2nd locations respectively) in comparison with the other treatments . It also gave a higher mean of total yield for both locations : (6.40 and 4.70 tons/dounum for 1st and 2nd location , respectively) . 7- The interaction between the tillage system of chisel plow perpendicular with moldboard plowing and planting distance of 30 cm resulted in a significant increase in the average of one tuber weight (78.8 and 64.4 g for the first and second location , respectively) in comparison with the other treatments . Also the interaction between the above tillage system with planting distance of 20 cm gave the highest average of total yield (6.16 and 4.67 tons/dounum for the 1st and 2nd location) in comparison to the other treatments . 8- The interaction between the mechanical planting and the tillage system and the planting distance of 20 cm showed a significant in crease in the number of tubers/plant and the average total yield (tans/dounum) in comparison to the other treatments for both location . 9- The interaction between planting method (mechanical and by hand) and the harvesting method by using potato digger frequency resulted in a higher value of average total yield . 10- The interaction between planting methods (mechanical and by hand) and the hang lifting harvest gave the lowest quantitative loss percentages (0.93 and 1.18 for the first location and 1.55 and 2.11 for the 2nd location) in comparison to the other treatments . 11- The interaction between the tillage system of chisel plow perpendicular to moldboard plowing and the harvesting digger chain the highest average percentage of undamaged tubers (91.9 %) and the lowest percentage of qualitction loss (6.2%) for the first location in comparison to the other treatments. 12- The interaction between the planting distance of 20 cm and the harvesting of digger chain gave the highest average of undamaged tubers (92.3%) and the lowest average qualitative loss (6.05%) for the first location in comparison to the other treatment . 13- The interaction between the planting method (mechanical and by hand) and the three tillage systems and the harvesting method of digger frequency gave the lowest value of undamaged tubers and the highest values of qualitative and qualitative losses for both soils . 14- The interaction between tillage method of one path moldboard plowing and planting distance of 30 cm and the harvesting method of digger frequency the lowest value of the undamaged tubers (56.2%) and the highest value of qualitative loss (37.9%) and the qualitative loss (5.79%) for the first location in comparison to other treatments . 15- The interaction between the planting method (mechanical and by hand) and the three tillage systems and the two planting distance (20 and 30 cm) and the digger frequency gave a significant lowest values of the percent undamaged tubers and the highest values of qualitative and qualitative losses for both soils . 16- The interaction between the mechanical planting methods and the tillage system of chisel plow perpendicular to moldboard plowing and the planting distance of 20 cm and the hand lifting harvest the lowest value of qualitative loss (0.41%) for the first location (silty clay soil) in comparison to other treatment .

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