Chlorine Tolerance by Fungi Isolated From Water In Different Stages in Water Treatment Plant

Kadhim Shakir, Bushra

	Chlorine Tolerance by Fungi Isolated From Water In Different Stages in Water Treatment Plant
Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Science
Article 1, Volume 23, Issue 8, 2012, Pages 53-60
Author
Bushra Kadhim Shakir
Abstract
Tolerance of fungi isolated from chlorine treated water in water treatment plant was estimated by nonconventional method. The method involves detection of chlorine effects on spore germination and growth of fungi for respectively open time. Chlorine from Sodium hypochlorite at 74.20 ppm affected radial growth of fungi Alternaria sp., Aspergillus flavus , A. fumigatus , A. niger , Aurobasidium pulullans , Chaetomium sp. , Cladosporium sp. , Fusarium sp. , Penicillium sp. and Rhizopus stolonifer by 7.70% ( A. flavus ) to 72.60% ( R. stolonifer). With exception of Alternaria sp. and Rhizopus sp., other fungi withstanding chlorine at 148.40 ppm with inhibition ranged between 2.77% (A. flavus ) to 69.56 (Chaetomium sp.). At 222.60 ppm , Aspergillus flavus , A. fumigatus , A. niger , Aurobasidium pulullans and Penicillium sp. were inhibited by 64.10 % (A. flavus ) to 80% (Penicillium sp.). All fungi were inhibited by 296.80 ppm. Measured by dry weight, the yeasts were the less tolerant. Chlorine at 148.40 ppm completely inhibited Cryptococcus curvatus while Candida parapsilosis and Rhodotorula mucilagenosa inhibited by 97.21% and 96.60% respectively and by 100% at 222.60 ppm . At 222.60 ppm Chaetomium sp. and Fusarium sp. were completely inhibited while Aspergillus flavus , A. fumigatus , A. niger and A. pulullans inhibited by 81.57% (A. pulullans ) to 89.59% (A. niger) at concentration of 296.80 ppm. Spores of all fungi tested showed medium to high germination rate at chlorine concentration of 0.74 ppm and majourity of them showed similar response at 7.42

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