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The Most cytotoxic Effect of Propolis Against Tumor Cells is Due to Apoptosis via Mitochondrial Pathway | ||
| Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Science | ||
| Article 1, Volume 21, Issue 5, 2010, Pages 355-362 | ||
| Author | ||
| Khalid Mahdi Salih | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Propolis is a multifunctional material used by bees in the construction and maintenance of their hives. Due to biological and pharmacological activities, it has been extensively used in folk medicine. The present study was designed to investigate the cytotoxic and apoptotic effect of the watery extract of propolis (WEP) on two tumor cell lines (Hep-2 & AMN-3) and one normal cell line (Ref) by using tissue culture technique. The results showed anti-proliferative effect only against tumor cell lines by reducing cell growth about 63% in AMN-3 and 66.7% in Hep-2 after 48h exposure to WEP. At the same time, Propolis modulated the protein content in the secretions of cell lines within culture medium by reducing this content about 79.1% in AMN-3 cell line, and increasing it about 84.7% and 94.6% in both Ref and Hep-2 cell lines respectively. To explain the mechanism of this cytotoxic effect, it was found that exposure of both tumor cell lines to WEP at a concentration of 4mg/ml caused an alteration in the mitochondrial transmembrane potential that induced about 100% of Hep-2 cells and 88.3% of AMN-3 cells to undergo apoptosis. These results clearly indicated that WEP possesses a potent apoptotis-mediated cytotoxicity against tumor cells via mitochondrial pathway. | ||
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