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Tribological Characteristic Of Graphite-Novolac Composites:Experimental And Simulation Approch | ||
| Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Science | ||
| Article 1, Volume 21, Issue 6, 2010, Pages 15-21 | ||
| Author | ||
| Bahjat B. Kadhim | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Tribological characteristics of novolac composites reinforce with graphite particles were investigated in terms of friction – wear coefficients subject to changes in different graphite volume fraction. Hot press technique was used to prepare the composites as well as novolac specimens using flash molds at standard conditions. Amslar machine in conforming geometry was used to determine friction and wear coefficients of novolac and graphite – novolac composites specimens slide against un lubricated steel disc. Simulation program of wear rate in three dimensions of friction – wear test were carried out using finite difference method. Optical microscopy coupled with auxiliary micro – hardness, and densities were employed to aid interpretation of results. Experimental results show that graphite particles improve the tribological characteristics of novolac composites. The coefficient of friction drops progressively and settles at constant values by succession of graphite volume fraction for high normal loads. The wear coefficient was behaved as being lowest for high graphite volume fraction. The friction – wear relationship displays two associated mechanisms, the first was ploughing wear mechanism, which is associated with run – in period, and the second was adhesion wear mechanism, which is associated with steady friction. Simulation results values coming higher than experimental results values, and this could be explained as the interface affect of composites, which had high strength and strong bond face. Densities and hardness values are evidenced to that. The wear coefficients of composites are strongly dependent on graphite particles distribution, hardness, and graphite content. We can conclude that the graphite plays dual work, as a solid lubricating media within the contacting surfaces as well as good heat dispersion element. | ||
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