Effect of Mineral and Bio-fertilizer Application on Growth and Yield of Wheat Triticum aestivum L.

H. Al-Shamma, Utoor; W. Al-Shahwany, Ayyad

	Effect of Mineral and Bio-fertilizer Application on Growth and Yield of Wheat Triticum aestivum L.
Iraqi Journal of Science
Article 1, Volume 55, Issue 4, 2014, Pages 1484-1495
Authors
Utoor H. Al-Shamma; Ayyad W. Al-Shahwany
Abstract
Field experiment was conducted during 2012- 2013 in silt loam soil at experimental station of Crops Department, Abu-Ghraib, State Board of Agricultural Researches in Baghdad, Iraq to study the effect of bio-fertilizers and NP levels on some agronomic traits and yield components of wheat by three bacterial genera (Azotobacter sp., Azospirillum sp. and Pseudomonas sp.) isolated from rhizosphere soil and Zea mays roots to study their effects singly or in combination with NP levels on growth and yield of wheat Triticum aestivum L. cultivar IPA 99. The experimental design was a completely randomized block design with three replications for each treatment .The results showed that the combination of bio-fertilizer (A. chroococcum, A. brasilense and P. fluorescens) and 100% NP significantly affected on some agronomic traits and yield components, plant height (99.2 cm), flag leaf area (80.56 cm2), flag leaf chlorophyll content (55.05 SPAD), number of tillers.plant-1(28.4), biomass fresh and dry weight (266.89, 85.89 gm) and all these results affected positively on biological yield (20.967 ton.h-1), spike length (13.2 cm), number of spikes.m-2 (548.30), average weight of 1000 grains (33.02 gm) and grain yield (6.403 ton.h-1). Laboratory experiment results revealed that there was no antagonism between the isolated bacteria (A. chroococcum, A. brasilense and P. fluorescens) therefore they were used as bio-fertilizer.
Keywords
bio; fertilizers; Azotobacter sp; Azospirillum sp; and Pseudomonas sp; Wheat

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