BREEDING OF MAIZE FOR DROUGHT TOLERANCE

Yousif, D.P.; S.K,

	BREEDING OF MAIZE FOR DROUGHT TOLERANCE
IRAQ JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE
Article 1, Volume 17, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 0-0
Authors
D.P. Yousif;
Abstract
In fall, 2000, CIMMYT Hybrid Trial Subtropical Intermediate Yellow QPM nursery introduced with local check hybrids in yield trial at Al-Tuwaitha Station, Agriculture Research Directorate. Selfing was practiced during fall, 2000 and spring 2001 to produce S1 and S2 for 70 and 18 selected plants, respectively. All progenies cultivated in spring 2001 and 2002 for screening under three water regimes [well watered (normal), intermediate drought (irrigation terminated one week after anthesis), and sever drought (irrigation terminated at anthesis)]. Pooled analysis with RCB design for years with water stress as a split plot on years and genotypes as a split plot on water stress with two replications was carried out. Data on anthesis, silking, plant height, ears/ plant, weight of 100 kernel, plant yield, fertility percentage, grain yield reduction and anthesis- silking interval were estimated for 16 genotypes. Fertility percentage and 100 kernel weights revealed the most characters criteria of maize breeding for drought tolerance in Iraq. The highest drought tolerance indices were shown by the genotypes 21, 3 and 18 with grain yield average of 65.03, 64.13 and 64.42 g/plant, respectively. Starting of maize breeding programs for drought tolerance in Iraq suggests the intermediate water stress due to the response for relative reduction in grain yield in comparison with the sever water stress and the demand for drought tolerant genotypes that introduced for line breeding program. Results showed the importance of studying genotype- environment interaction in breeding programs for drought tolerance.

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