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USE OF SUNFLOWER RESIDUES IN COMBINATION WITH SUB RECOMMENDED DOSE OF HERBICIDES FOR WEEDS CONTROL IN BARLEY FIELD | ||
| IRAQ JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE | ||
| Article 1, Volume 2, Issue 16, 2011, Pages 0-0 | ||
| Authors | ||
| I. S. Alsaadawi; A. A. Al-Temimi | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Sunflower residues at rates of 0, 600 and 1400 g per m2 were incorporated in field soil to evaluate their herbicidal potential alone and in combination with 0, 50, 75 and 100% of recommended doses of 2, 4-D and Topic herbicides against weeds of barley crop. All treatments received equal amounts of irrigation water and recommended doses of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers. Combination of recommended dose of herbicides with sunflower residue at 1400 g m-2 produced minimum above ground weed biomass(122 g m-2) and weeds number (155.5 weeds per m2 ), which were 35 and 50% less than recommended herbicide dose applied alone, respectively. Meanwhile, integration of herbicides and sunflower residue appeared superior in enhancing number of spikes, weight of 100 grains and yield per unit area than herbicide alone. Application of 50% dose of herbicides on plants growing in plots containing sunflower residue at 1400 g m-2 resulted in similar yield advantage as was noticed with 100% herbicide dose. Chromatographic analysis revealed the presence of several phenolic compounds in the soil containing sunflower residues and none of these appeared in soil without sunflower residues. Concentration of total phenolic compounds appeared to be increased at two weeks of decomposition, reached its maximum at the 4th week of decomposition and started to decline thereafter until vanished at the 8th week of decomposition. Weeds population started to increase after 6 weeks of residues decomposition when the phytotoxins concentration was sharply reduced in the soil. The possible advantage of this approach in reducing reliance on herbicides for weeds control is briefly discussed. | ||
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