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Push–out Test of Timber Concrete Composite Construction | ||
| Engineering and Technology Journal | ||
| Article 5, Volume 40, Issue 5, 2022, Pages 668-676 PDF (753.09 K) | ||
| Document Type: Research Paper | ||
| DOI: 10.30684/etj.v40i2.2175 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Ihab S. Saleh* ; Nabeel A. Jasim; Anis A. Mohhamed Ali | ||
| Civil Engineering Dept., College of Engineering, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq | ||
| Abstract | ||
| In this study, push – out test specimen is proposed to explore the behavior of shear connectors in timber–concrete composite beams. Since there are no standard shapes and dimensions for determining the strength of connectors, push–out specimens such as those used for steel-concrete composite beams are suggested to study the behavior of connectors in timber concrete composite beams. Four specimens are tested. Two of these specimens are with one connector per side. The other two are with two connectors per side. The load and slip are recorded during testing. The results show that the ultimate load per connector ranges from 24.9 kN to 29.4 kN, with an average value of 26.9 kN. An equation is proposed to determine the ultimate load of the connector. Good agreement is achieved between the theoretical and experimental results. An average value of 0.98 is obtained for theoretical to experimental results. | ||
Highlights | ||
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| Keywords | ||
| Push-out test; Concrete; Composite Construction; structure; dowel strength | ||
| References | ||
|
[1] Gelfi P. and Giuriani E. (1999) Behaviour of stud connectors in wood-concrete composite beams. Transactions on the Built Environment, 39 (1999), WIT Press. [2] Weaver, C. A. (2002). Behaviour of FRP-reinforced Glulam-concrete composite bridge girders. MSc Thesis in Civil and Environmental engineering. University of Maine, (2002). [3] Branco, M., Cruz, J.S.and Piazza, M., (2009) Experimental analysis of laterally loaded nailed timber-to-concrete connections. Construction and Building Materials 23 (2009). [4] American Society for Testing and Materials, ASTM C191-04b Standard Test Method for Time of Setting of Hydraulic Cement by Vicat Needle, 1999. [5] American Society for Testing and Materials, ASTM C109, Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or [50-mm] Cube Specimens, (1999). [6] Iraqi Standards No.45/1984, Aggregate from Natural Sources for Concrete and Construction, Ministry of Housing and Construction, Baghdad, (2004). [7] British Standards Institution BS. 812: Testing aggregates, British Standards Institution, London, (1989). [8] Scofield, W. F. and O’brien, W.H. Modern Timber Engineering Fourth Edition, Southern Pine Associated, New Orleans, Louisiana, (1955). [9] American Society for Testing and Materials, ASTM D – 4442, Standard Test Method for Direct Moisture Content Measurement of Wood and Wood Base Materials, (1992). [10] American Society for Testing and Materials, ASTM D – 2395, Standard Test Method for Specific Gravity of Wood and Wood Base Materials, (1983). [11] American Society for Testing and Materials, ASTM D – 143, Standard Methods of Testing Small Clear Specimens of Timber, 1994, Reapproved, (2000). [12] American Society for Testing and Materials, ASTM D – 198, Standard Test Methods of Static Tests of Lumber in Structural Sizes, [13] British Standards Institution, BS 4449 Specifications for Carbon Steel Bar for the Reinforcement of Concrete, British Standards Institution, London, (1988). [14] British Standard Institution BS1881: Method of Testing Hardened Concrete for Other than Strength, British Standard Institution, London, (1973). [15] Eliene Piers Carvalho and Edgar V. Mantilla Carrasco, Influence of Test Specimen on Experimental Characterization of Timber Concrete Composite Joints, Construction and Building Materials, 24 (2010) 1313-1322. [16] European Committee for Standardisation CEN, EN1995: Euro code 5: Design of Timber Structure CEN, (2004). | ||
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