Bullying and its relationship to linguistic awareness among middle school students

Aljoubory, Atyea Badawe

doi:10.32894/1992-1179.2026.167631.1304

	Bullying and its relationship to linguistic awareness among middle school students
Kirkuk University Journal: Humanity Studies
Volume 21, Issue 1, March 2026, Pages 741-768 PDF (1.09 M)
Document Type: Research Paper
DOI: 10.32894/1992-1179.2026.167631.1304
Author
Atyea Badawe Aljoubory^*
ثانوية ام القرى
Abstract
Research summary; The current research aimed to explore bullying and its relationship to linguistic perception among middle school students. The primary sample consisted of 300 male and female students. The researcher used a bullying scale consisting of 27 items, developed by Al-Qahtani in 2010, as well as the Al-Samarrai scale (2006) and the Al-Faqawi scale (2009). To determine the psychometric properties of the research instrument, its face and construct validity were verified by presenting it to a group of experts. The discriminatory power of the scale was also measured, and its reliability was calculated using the test-retest method. The data were statistically analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The current research concluded that: 1. Bullying exists among middle school students. 2. The results also showed differences in school bullying between males and females, favoring males. 3. The students possess a high level of linguistic understanding. 4. The mean score for the sample was higher than the hypothetical mean. No statistically significant differences were found between males and females in the sample level of linguistic understanding. 5. A statistically significant positive relationship exists between the variables of bullying and the level of linguistic understanding. linguistic awareness))
Keywords
Bullying; aggression towards others; awareness; ability to learn language

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