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Genetic Diversity of Some Cotton Genotypes Using RAPD Markers | ||
| Anbar Journal of Agricultural Sciences | ||
| Article 2, Volume 24, Issue 2, July 2026, Pages 290-300 PDF (7.46 M) | ||
| Document Type: Research Paper | ||
| DOI: 10.32649/ajas.2026.191624 | ||
| Authors | ||
| M. H. Amoon; Z. A. Abdulhamed; A. H. Noaman | ||
| Department of field crops, College of Agriculture, University of Anbar, Anbar, Iraq | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Molecular analysis techniques such as RAPD represent modern tools that have brought a significant advancement in studying genetic diversity in plants. They provide high accuracy in distinguishing genetic structures without the need for prior knowledge of genome sequences in this study, RAPD markers were employed to analyze genetic variation and assess the genetic diversity among ten Iraqi cotton genotypes. The RAPD profiles revealed substantial differences in the number and size of amplified fragments, confirming the presence of genetic diversity among the tested genotypes. A total of 258 DNA bands were detected, including 213 polymorphic and 45 monomorphic bands. Primer OPN-07 generated the highest number of bands 31, whereas OPQ-17 yielded the fewest 10. Primer OPA-11 exhibited the highest discriminatory power 13.17, while OPQ-20 showed the lowest 2.71. Genetic distance analysis revealed maximum divergence between ‘Nazly 87’ and ‘Awar 310’ 0.9677, and the minimum between ‘Ashour’ and ‘Marsoumi’ 0.1002. Distinctive DNA fragments were identified as molecular fingerprints for each genotype, such as a 780 bp band for ‘Nazly 87’, a 460 bp band for ‘Awar 310’, a 920 bp band for ‘Marsoumi’, and a 650 bp band for ‘Ashour’. Overall, the findings demonstrate the effectiveness of RAPD markers in detecting genetic diversity and establishing genetic relationships among Iraqi cotton genotypes. This study provides a molecular foundation for breeding programs aiming to enhance cotton productivity and develop superior, resistant cultivars in Iraq. This study represents a valuable foundation for future research aimed at enhancing cotton productivity in Iraq through the use of molecular techniques | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Genetic Relatedness Genetic Divergence; Genetic Distance; Genetic Variation; DNA | ||
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