Effect of some anti microorganisms in controlling tomato seed rot and seedling damping – off diseases caused by the fungi Rhizoctonia solani (Kühn) , Pythium aphanidermatum (Fitz) Edson , and Fusarium  solani ( Marti )

	Effect of some anti microorganisms in controlling tomato seed rot and seedling damping – off diseases caused by the fungi Rhizoctonia solani (Kühn) , Pythium aphanidermatum (Fitz) Edson , and Fusarium solani ( Marti )
journal of kerbala university
Article 1, Volume 4, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 94-104 PDF (0 K)
Abstract
The study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of the fungi Tricoderma harzianum and Chaetomium elatum and the bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescence for controlling tomato seed decay and seedling damping – off diseases caused by the pathogenic fungi Rhizoctonia solani , Pythium aphanidermatum , and Fusarium solani .The results showed that the antagonistic fungi and bacterium and their infiltration had remarkable effect for reducing the diameters of radial growth of the pathogenic fungi . The bacterium P. fluorescence was the most significantly effective agent in this regard on the growth diameter reached 2.87 , 2.34 and 2.21 cm of R. solani P. aphanidermatum , and F. solani , respectively compared with 9.00 , 8.87 , 7.23 cm in the control treatment . The results also showed that the antagonistic fungi had no effect on the seed germination percentage inside the Petri-dish . There was no significant difference between the number of germinated seeds in both the antagonistic fungi and bacterium treatment with control treatment . On the other hand , the pathogenic fungi caused a remarkable reduction in seed germination rates to reach 3.11, 8.23 and 8.87 seeds in the above mentioned treatments , respectively . Moreover , antagonistic fungi played an important role in protecting seeds against fungal infection . All the integrated treatments had significant effect for increasing seed germination percentage and decreasing the percentages off seed rot , seedling death , and dry weight of root and shoot system compared with those of the pathogenic fungi treatment . The most effective treatment in this regard was P. fluorescence + F. solani treatment , for it caused 74.45 %increase of seed germination and 25.55 % reduction in the number of rotten seeds .

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